Overweight, obesity, and cardiovascular disease in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: the EAS FH Studies Collaboration registry

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dc.creatorElshorbagy, Amany
dc.creatorVallejo-Vaz, Antonio J.
dc.creatorBarkas, Fotios
dc.creatorLyons, Alexander R.M.
dc.creatorStevens, Christophe A.T.
dc.creatorDharmayat, Kanika I.
dc.creatorCatapano, Alberico L.
dc.creatorFreiberger, Tomas
dc.creatorHovingh, G. Kees
dc.creatorMata, Pedro
dc.creatorRaal, Frederick J.
dc.creatorSantos, Raul D.
dc.creatorSoran, Handrean
dc.creatorWatts, Gerald F.
dc.creatorAbifadel, Marianne
dc.creatorAguilar-Salinas, Carlos A.
dc.creatorAlhabib, Khalid F.
dc.creatorAlkhnifsawi, Mutaz
dc.creatorAlmahmeed, Wael
dc.creatorAlnouri, Fahad
dc.creatorAlonso, Rodrigo
dc.creatorAl-Rasadi, Khalid
dc.creatorAl-Sarraf, Ahmad
dc.creatorArca, Marcello
dc.creatorAshavaid, Tester F.
dc.creatorAverna, Maurizio
dc.creatorBanach, Maciej
dc.creatorBecker, Marianne
dc.creatorBinder, Christoph J.
dc.creatorBourbon, Mafalda
dc.creatorBrunham, Liam R.
dc.creatorChlebus, Krzysztof
dc.creatorCorral, Pablo
dc.creatorCruz, Diogo
dc.creatorDavletov, Kairat
dc.creatorDescamps, Olivier S.
dc.creatorDwiputra, Bambang
dc.creatorEzhov, Marat
dc.creatorGroselj, Urh
dc.creatorHarada-Shiba, Mariko
dc.creatorHolven, Kirsten B.
dc.creatorHumphries, Steve E.
dc.creatorKayikcioglu, Meral
dc.creatorKhovidhunkit, Weerapan
dc.creatorLalic, Katarina
dc.creatorLatkovskis, Gustavs
dc.creatorLaufs, Ulrich
dc.creatorLiberopoulos, Evangelos
dc.creatorLima-Martinez, Marcos M.
dc.creatorMaher, Vincent
dc.creatorMarais, A. David
dc.creatorMärz, Winfried
dc.creatorMirrakhimov, Erkin
dc.creatorMitchenko, Olena
dc.creatorNawawi, Hapizah
dc.creatorNordestgaard, Børge G.
dc.creatorPanayiotou, Andrie G.
dc.creatorParagh, György
dc.creatorPetrulioniene, Zaneta
dc.creatorPojskic, Belma
dc.creatorPostadzhiyan, Arman
dc.creatorReda, Ashraf
dc.creatorReiner, Željko
dc.creatorReyes, Ximena
dc.creatorSadiq, Fouzia
dc.creatorSadoh, Wilson Ehidiamen
dc.creatorSchunkert, Heribert
dc.creatorShek, Aleksandr B.
dc.creatorStroes, Erik
dc.creatorSu, Ta-Chen
dc.creatorSubramaniam, Tavintharan
dc.creatorSusekov, Andrey V.
dc.creatorTilney, Myra
dc.creatorTomlinson, Brian
dc.creatorTruong, Thanh Huong
dc.creatorTselepis, Alexandros D.
dc.creatorTybjærg-Hansen, Anne
dc.creatorVázquez-Cárdenas, Alejandra
dc.creatorViigimaa, Margus
dc.creatorVohnout, Branislav
dc.creatorYamashita, Shizuya
dc.creatorRay, Kausik K.
dc.date2025
dc.date.accessioned2026-03-27T20:30:08Z
dc.date.available2026-03-27T20:30:08Z
dc.descriptionBackground and Aims. Overweight and obesity are modifiable risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in the general population, but their prevalence in individuals with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and whether they confer additional risk of ASCVD independent of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) remains unclear. Methods. Cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 35 540 patients with HeFH across 50 countries, in the EAS FH Studies Collaboration registry. Prevalence of World Health Organization–defined body mass index categories was investigated in adults (n = 29 265) and children/adolescents (n = 6275); and their association with prevalent ASCVD. Results. Globally, 52% of adults and 27% of children with HeFH were overweight or obese, with the highest prevalence noted in Northern Africa/Western Asia. A higher overweight/obesity prevalence was found in non-high-income vs. high-income countries. Median age at familial hypercholesterolaemia diagnosis in adults with obesity was 9 years older than in normal weight adults. Obesity was associated with a more atherogenic lipid profile independent of lipid-lowering medication. Prevalence of coronary artery disease increased progressively across body mass index categories in both children and adults. Compared with normal weight, obesity was associated with higher odds of coronary artery disease in children (odds ratio 9.28, 95% confidence interval 1.77–48.77, adjusted for age, sex, lipids, and lipid-lowering medication) and coronary artery disease and stroke in adults (odds ratio 2.35, 95% confidence interval 2.10–2.63 and odds ratio 1.65, 95% confidence interval 1.27–2.14, respectively), but less consistently with peripheral artery disease. Adjusting for diabetes, hypertension and smoking modestly attenuated the associations. Conclusions. Overweight and obesity are common in patients with HeFH and contribute to ASCVD risk from childhood, independent of LDL-C and lipid-lowering medication. Sustained body weight management is needed to reduce the risk of ASCVD in HeFH.
dc.descriptionFil: Elshorbagy Amany. Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Imperial College London; Reino Unido
dc.descriptionFil: Elshorbagy Amany. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria; Egipto
dc.descriptionFil: Vallejo-Vaz Antonio J. Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Imperial College London; Reino Unido
dc.descriptionFil: Vallejo-Vaz Antonio J. Clinical Epidemiology and Vascular Risk, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Universidad de Sevilla/CSIC; España
dc.descriptionFil: Vallejo-Vaz Antonio J. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Seville; España
dc.descriptionFil: Vallejo-Vaz Antonio J. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III; España
dc.descriptionFil: Barkas Fotios. Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Imperial College London; Reino Unido
dc.descriptionFil: Barkas Fotios. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina; Grecia
dc.descriptionFil: Lyons Alexander R.M. Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Imperial College London; Reino Unido
dc.descriptionFil: Stevens Christophe A.T. Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Imperial College London; Reino Unido
dc.descriptionFil: Dharmayat Kanika I. Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Imperial College London; Reino Unido
dc.descriptionFil: Catapano Alberico L. Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan; Italia
dc.descriptionFil: Catapano Alberico L. Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) MultiMedica; Italia
dc.descriptionFil: Freiberger Tomas. Centre for Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantation, and Medical Faculty, Masaryk University; República Checa
dc.descriptionFil: Freiberger Tomas. CarDia—National Institute for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease Research; República Checa
dc.descriptionFil: Hovingh G. Kees. Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam; Países Bajos
dc.descriptionFil: Hovingh G. Kees. Novo Nordisk; Dinamarca
dc.descriptionFil: Mata Pedro. Fundación Hipercolesterolemia Familiar; España
dc.descriptionFil: Raal Frederick J. Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand; Sudáfrica
dc.descriptionFil: Santos Raul D. Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo and Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein; Brasil
dc.descriptionFil: Soran Handrean. Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Reino Unido
dc.descriptionFil: Watts Gerald F. Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia; Australia
dc.descriptionFil: Watts Gerald F. Department of Cardiology, Lipid Disorders Clinic, Cardiometabolic Services, Royal Perth Hospital; Australia
dc.descriptionFil: Abifadel Marianne. Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Therapeutics, Saint Joseph University; Líbano
dc.descriptionFil: Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A. Unidad de Investigación de Enfermedades Metabólicas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán; México
dc.descriptionFil: Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A. Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud; México
dc.descriptionFil: Alhabib Khalid F. Department of Cardiac Sciences, King Fahad Cardiac Centre, College of Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, King Saud University; Arabia Saudita
dc.descriptionFil: Alkhnifsawi Mutaz. College of Pharmacy, University of Al Qadisiyah; Irak
dc.descriptionFil: Alkhnifsawi Mutaz. College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa; Irak
dc.descriptionFil: Almahmeed Wael. Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Heart and Vascular Institute; Emiratos Árabes Unidos
dc.descriptionFil: Alnouri Fahad. Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Adult Cardiology Department, Prince Sultan Cardiac Centre; Arabia Saudita
dc.descriptionFil: Alonso Rodrigo. Centre for Advanced Metabolic Medicine and Nutrition; Chile
dc.descriptionFil: Al-Rasadi Khalid. Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Science and Medical Research Centre, Sultan Qaboos University; Omán
dc.descriptionFil: Al-Sarraf Ahmad. Sabah Al Ahmad Cardiac Centre; Kuwait
dc.descriptionFil: Arca Marcello. Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome; Italia
dc.descriptionFil: Ashavaid Tester F. Department of Laboratory Medicine, PD Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre Mahim; India
dc.descriptionFil: Averna Maurizio. Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo; Italia
dc.descriptionFil: Averna Maurizio. Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche; Italia
dc.descriptionFil: Banach Maciej. Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz (MUL); Polonia
dc.descriptionFil: Banach Maciej. Department of Cardiology and Congenital Diseases of Adults, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI); Polonia
dc.descriptionFil: Banach Maciej. Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora; Polonia
dc.descriptionFil: Becker Marianne. Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Centre hospitalier de Luxembourg; Luxemburgo
dc.descriptionFil: Binder Christoph J. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna; Austria
dc.descriptionFil: Bourbon Mafalda. Unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento, Grupo de Investigação Cardiovascular, Departamento de Promoção da Saúde e Prevenção de Doenças Não Transmissíveis, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge; Portugal
dc.descriptionFil: Bourbon Mafalda. Faculty of Sciences, Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), University of Lisbon; Portugal
dc.descriptionFil: Brunham Liam R. Departments of Medicine and Medical Genetics, Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, The University of British Columbia; Canadá
dc.descriptionFil: Chlebus Krzysztof. 1st Department of Cardiology Medical University of Gdańsk, National Centre of Familial Hypercholesterolaemia in Gdańsk; Polonia
dc.descriptionFil: Corral Pablo. Universidad FASTA. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; Argentina
dc.descriptionFil: Cruz Diogo. Portuguese Atherosclerosis Society; Portugal
dc.descriptionFil: Davletov Kairat. Research Health Institute, Al Farabi Kazakh National University; Kazajistán
dc.descriptionFil: Descamps Olivier S. Centres Hospitaliers Universitaires HELORA at La Louvière and University of Mons; Bélgica
dc.descriptionFil: Dwiputra Bambang. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Universitas Indonesia— Harapan Kita National Cardiovascular Center; Indonesia
dc.descriptionFil: Ezhov Marat. National Medical Research Centre of Cardiology of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Rusia
dc.descriptionFil: Groselj Urh. Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Medical Centre, University Children’s Hospital Ljubljana; Eslovenia
dc.descriptionFil: Groselj Urh. Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana; Eslovenia
dc.descriptionFil: Harada-Shiba Mariko. Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Japón
dc.descriptionFil: Holven Kirsten B. National Advisory Unit on Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Oslo University Hospital; Noruega
dc.descriptionFil: Humphries Steve E. Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute for Cardiovascular Science, University College London; Reino Unido
dc.descriptionFil: Kayikcioglu Meral. Department of Cardiology, Ege University Medical School; Turquía
dc.descriptionFil: Khovidhunkit Weerapan. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital; Tailandia
dc.descriptionFil: Lalic Katarina. Faculty of Medicine, Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University of Belgrade; Serbia
dc.descriptionFil: Latkovskis Gustavs. Faculty of Medicine, Research Institute of Cardiology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Latvia, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital; Letonia
dc.descriptionFil: Laufs Ulrich. Klinik und Poliklinik für Kardiologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig; Alemania
dc.descriptionFil: Liberopoulos Evangelos. First Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistian University of Athens; Grecia
dc.descriptionFil: Lima-Martinez Marcos M. Universidad de Oriente, Núcleo Bolívar; Venezuela
dc.descriptionFil: Maher Vincent. Advanced Lipid Management and Research Centre (ALMAR), Tallaght University Hospital; Irlanda
dc.descriptionFil: Marais A. David. Chemical Pathology, University of Cape Town Health Science Faculty; Sudáfrica
dc.descriptionFil: März Winfried. DACH Society for the Prevention of Heart and Circulatory Diseases; Alemania
dc.descriptionFil: März Winfried. Medical Faculty Mannheim, Department of Internal Medicine, Heidelberg University; Alemania
dc.descriptionFil: März Winfried. Klinisches Institut für Medizinische und Chemische Labordiagnostik, Medizinische Universität Graz; Austria
dc.descriptionFil: März Winfried. Synlab Akademie, Synlab Holding Deutschland; Alemania
dc.descriptionFil: Mirrakhimov Erkin. Kyrgyz State Medical Academy; Kirguistán
dc.descriptionFil: Mirrakhimov Erkin. College of Medicine, Korea University; Corea del Sur
dc.descriptionFil: Miserez André R. Diagene Research Institute and Swiss Society for Familial Forms of Hypercholesterolemia (SSFH); Suiza
dc.descriptionFil: Miserez André R. Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel; Suiza
dc.descriptionFil: Mitchenko Olena. Department of Dyslipidaemia, Institute of Cardiology, National Academy of Medical Sciences; Ucrania
dc.descriptionFil: Nawawi Hapizah. Institute of Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM) and Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM); Malasia
dc.descriptionFil: Nordestgaard Børge G. Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Dinamarca
dc.descriptionFil: Panayiotou Andrie G. Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology; Chipre
dc.descriptionFil: Paragh György. Faculty of Medicine, Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Debrecen; Hungría
dc.descriptionFil: Petrulioniene Zaneta. Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine and Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos; Lituania
dc.descriptionFil: Pojskic Belma. Faculty of Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Zenica, University of Zenica; Bosnia y Herzegovina
dc.descriptionFil: Postadzhiyan Arman. Medical University of Sofia; Bulgaria
dc.descriptionFil: Reda Ashraf. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Menoufia University; Egipto
dc.descriptionFil: Reiner Željko. Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, and School of Medicine, University of Zagreb; Croacia
dc.descriptionFil: Reyes Ximena. GENYCO Program, Comisión Honoraria para la Salud Cardiovascular; Uruguay
dc.descriptionFil: Sadiq Fouzia. Directorate of Research, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University; Pakistán
dc.descriptionFil: Sadoh Wilson Ehidiamen. Department of Child Health, University of Benin Teaching Hospital; Nigeria
dc.descriptionFil: Schunkert Heribert. Clinic for Heart and Circulatory Diseases, German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University Munich; Alemania
dc.descriptionFil: Schunkert Heribert. German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance; Alemania
dc.descriptionFil: Shek Aleksandr B. Department of Coronary Heart Disease and Atherosclerosis, Republican Specialized Centre of Cardiology, Ministry of Health of Republic Uzbekistan; Uzbekistán
dc.descriptionFil: Stroes Erik. Department of Vascular Medicine, D3.330, AMC; Países Bajos
dc.descriptionFil: Su Ta-Chen. Departments of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, and Internal Medicine (Cardiology Division), National Taiwan University Hospital; Taiwán
dc.descriptionFil: Subramaniam Tavintharan. Admiralty Medical Centre and Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Yishun Health; Singapur
dc.descriptionFil: Susekov Andrey V. Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation; Rusia
dc.descriptionFil: Tilney Myra. Lipid Clinic, Mater Dei Hospital; Malta
dc.descriptionFil: Tilney Myra. Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Department of Medicine, University of Malta; Malta
dc.descriptionFil: Tomlinson Brian. Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology; China
dc.descriptionFil: Truong Thanh Huong. Faculty of Medicine, Phenikaa University, Vietnam Atherosclerosis Society; Vietnam
dc.descriptionFil: Tselepis Alexandros D. Atherothrombosis Research Centre, University of Ioannina; Grecia
dc.descriptionFil: Tybjærg-Hansen Anne. Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Copenhagen; Dinamarca
dc.descriptionFil: Vázquez-Cárdenas Alejandra. Departamento Académico Ciclo de Vida, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara; México
dc.descriptionFil: Viigimaa Margus. North Estonia Medical Centre, Tallinn University of Technology; Estonia
dc.descriptionFil: Vohnout Branislav. Department of Diabetology, LF SZU, Institute of Nutrition, FOaZOS, Coordination Centre for Familial Hyperlipidemias, Slovak Medical University in Bratislava; Eslovaquia
dc.descriptionFil: Yamashita Shizuya. Rinku General Medical Centre; Japón
dc.descriptionFil: Ray Kausik K. Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Imperial College London; Reino Unido
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.citationElshorbagy, A., Vallejo-Vaz, A. J., Barkas, F., Lyons, A. R. M., Stevens, C. A. T., Dharmayat, K. I., Catapano, A. L., Freiberger, T., Hovingh, G. K., Mata, P., Raal, F. J., Santos, R. D., Soran, H., Watts, G. F., Abifadel, M., Aguilar-Salinas, C. A., Alhabib, K. F., Alkhnifsawi, M., Almahmeed, W., Alnouri, F., … Ray, K. K. (2025). Overweight, obesity, and cardiovascular disease in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: the EAS FH Studies Collaboration registry. European heart journal, 46(12), 1127–1140. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehae791
dc.identifier.issn1127-1140
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.ufasta.edu.ar/handle/123456789/87987
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherEuropean Heart Journal
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightshttp://creativecommons.org/licences/by-nc-nd/3.0/deed.es_AR
dc.sourceEuropean heart journal, 46(12), 1127–1140.
dc.subjectDislipidemia
dc.subjectObesidad
dc.subjectResistencia a la insulina
dc.subjectAterosclerosis
dc.titleOverweight, obesity, and cardiovascular disease in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: the EAS FH Studies Collaboration registry
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semanticspte/article
dc.typeinfo:ar-repo/semantics/artículo
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/accedVersion

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