La noción de eugenesia en el catálogo de exhibición arte degenerado (1937), perteneciente al proceso propagandístico del nazismo alemán.
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Date
2022
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Universidad FASTA. Facultad de Humanidades
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El experimento vienés del bienestar social contribuye al progreso y avance de los diagnósticos pseudoclínicos de los psiquiatras con los que se busca construir una identidad estable de nación. La cultura, la política y lo económico generan en la psiquiatría un gran interés por la perfección a partir de instrumentos y teorías eugenésicas. Este mismo interés, adoptado por la Alemania Nazi, supondrá la creación de la cartilla Arte Degenerado donde el concepto de eugenesia, antes teorizado, aparece como la promulgación de un espíritu pangermanista. En dominio del arte y del ideal ético del ser hacia la nación, el expresionismo austríaco y alemán fungirán, desde la difamación del mismo movimiento por parte de la propaganda Nazi, como aquel arte antiheroico, deforme y anárquico que debe erradicarse. La degeneración, se concluye, proviene de exaltar las personalidades sociales contrarias a lo normal, que no es más que la clasificación del régimen guiado a la perfección del individuo social en la Alemania Nazi, el cual debe estar lejos de tales psicopatías y estar lo más cercano posible a la idea eugenésica de la raza y la mentalidad de un sujeto ario.
The Viennese experiment of social welfare contributes to the progress and advancement of the pseudo-clinical diagnoses of psychiatrists with which they seek to build a stable identity of Nation. The field of psychiatry holds great interest in the culture, politics and economics of perfection based on eugenic instruments and theories. Such interest, adopted by Nazi Germany, will lead to the creation of the Degenerate Art primer, where the concept of eugenics, previously theorized, appears as the proclamation of the spirit of Pan-Germanicism. As overseers of art and the ethical ideal of the being in service of the nation, Austrian and German expressionism will serve –through the defamation of the movement by using Nazi propaganda– as that antiheroic, deformed and anarchic art to be eradicated. Degeneration, it is concluded, comes from exalting social personalities contrary to the normal, which is nothing more than the classification of the regime guided to the perfection of the social individual in Nazi Germany, which should steer clear from such psychopathies and rather, be as close as possible to the eugenic idea of race and the mentality of the Aryan subject.
Fil: Molina Toro, Pablo. Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana; Colombia.
The Viennese experiment of social welfare contributes to the progress and advancement of the pseudo-clinical diagnoses of psychiatrists with which they seek to build a stable identity of Nation. The field of psychiatry holds great interest in the culture, politics and economics of perfection based on eugenic instruments and theories. Such interest, adopted by Nazi Germany, will lead to the creation of the Degenerate Art primer, where the concept of eugenics, previously theorized, appears as the proclamation of the spirit of Pan-Germanicism. As overseers of art and the ethical ideal of the being in service of the nation, Austrian and German expressionism will serve –through the defamation of the movement by using Nazi propaganda– as that antiheroic, deformed and anarchic art to be eradicated. Degeneration, it is concluded, comes from exalting social personalities contrary to the normal, which is nothing more than the classification of the regime guided to the perfection of the social individual in Nazi Germany, which should steer clear from such psychopathies and rather, be as close as possible to the eugenic idea of race and the mentality of the Aryan subject.
Fil: Molina Toro, Pablo. Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana; Colombia.
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Citation
Molina Toro, P. (2022). La noción de eugenesia en el catálogo de exhibición arte degenerado (1937), perteneciente al proceso propagandístico del nazismo alemán. In Itinere: Revista Digital de Estudios Humanísticos, 12(1), 143-164. https://revistas.ufasta.edu.ar/index.php/initinere/article/view/245
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1853-5585
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In Itinere: Revista Digital de Estudios Humanísticos; jul-dic 2022; 12(1); pp. 143-164.